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Findings reveal respondents' desire for more authentic and accessible politicians, but this was in direct tension with traditional views and expectations of politicians needing to be professional, informed and worthy of respect. Conversely, there was decidedly more stability in the volume and tone of tweets for our comparison issue. Second, in 2004 youth political websites showed marked increases in the amount of political information and issue discussion, as well as the use of interactive features unique to web communication. This qualitative research project studied how young people from a broad range of existing political and civic groups use social media for sharing information, mobilisation and, increasingly, as a means to redefine political action and political spaces.

The ways in which political information is broadcast, shared and talked about on social media by engaged young people demonstrate the importance of communicative forms of action for the future of political engagement and connective action. Schauen Sie in der Filiale vorbei und entdecken Sie bei Xenos eine tolle Auswahl an Homeaccessoires, Geschenk- und Hobbyartikeln, Glaswaren, Möbeln sowie Lebensmittel.

Lutz Rathenow - Previous studies have provided support for this explanation largely through cross-sectional survey data focused on learning from traditional hard news outlets such as television news.

Given the significant rise in the number of Americans who turn to the Internet for political information, we examine the effects of these behaviors on political and civic engagement in an evolving media landscape. Specifically, we test hypotheses derived from competing models - the instrumental approach, which posits direct effects of Internet use and a psychological approach, which predicts contingent effects. These results provide an important window on the political impacts of contemporary Internet use and suggest that future reassessments of the Internet's role in public life should continue to probe for direct as well as differential effects. This study provides a controlled test of the effects of youth-oriented political portals. Based on existing theories of the individual effects of Internet use, we hypothesize that these sites may facilitate political engagement among members of their target audience in a variety of ways, but we also consider the possibility that such effects may be moderated xenos bremen prior levels of xenos bremen interest. Observations are drawn from a Web-based experiment administered to undergraduates at a major midwestern university at the height of the 2006 election season. Findings indicate weak to nonsignificant main effects for exposure to youth-oriented political portals on self-reported cognitive engagement with election information, and a pattern of differential effects of exposure on opinion formation and domain-specific political efficacy, based on users' prior levels of interest in politics. Recent developments suggest a strong relationship between social media use and political engagement and raise questions about the potential for social media to help stem or even reverse patterns of political inequality that have troubled scholars for years. Our results suggest a strong, positive relationship between social media use and political engagement among young people across all three countries, and provide additional insights regarding the role played by social media use in the processes by which young people become politically engaged. Notably, our results also provide reasons to be optimistic concerning the overall influence of this popular new form of digital media on longstanding patterns of political inequality. A growing number of scholars continue to investigate relationships between exposure and attention to political comedy programs like The Daily Show and political knowledge. One prominent explanation for these relationships suggests that exposure to such programs facilitates the acquisition xenos bremen political information from hard news sources, particularly among less politically sophisticated comedy viewers, thus serving as a gateway to political attention and knowledge. Previous studies have provided support for this explanation largely through cross-sectional survey data focused on learning from traditional hard news outlets such as television news. This research draws on data from two experimental studies conducted with undergraduates at a major midwestern university to provide a more direct causal investigation of these processes and also expands the scope of hard news media considered to include online sources. Our findings provide general support for the gateway hypothesis but raise important questions concerning the causal structure of gateway effects. The current study examines upstream engagement initiatives using the issue of nanotechnology as a case study. Our results fail to offer evidence of positive relationships between anticipated discussion and learning and the willingness to engage with the issue of nanotechnology in the future. In addition, our results show that anticipated discussion with opposing others actually encourages individuals to seek out an editorial or opinion piece first as opposed to a news item. Our findings point toward important variations in the kinds of information-seeking behaviors likely to emerge from different conditions under which individuals may be xenos bremen to learn more about emerging science issues, and provide practical insights into which kinds of information-seeking behaviors are most conducive to knowledge gain and issue engagement. To capture conversations in languages spoken by affected countries, this study combines data in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. We combined machine learning with human coding to analyze public discourse in all three languages. We found differences between languages and platforms in the amount of blame assigned to different groups. These meaningful differences only emerge from analyses across the three different languages and platforms, pointing to the importance of multilingual approaches for risk communication research. Specific recommendations for outbreak and risk communication practitioners are also discussed. Their impact, however, is not well understood. Surprisingly, this change was most likely for individuals least trusting of scientific studies or university scientists. Using data from a representative sample of U. We conclude by discussing the implications of a possible technology spillover effect for responsible and anticipatory regulation and policy for emerging technologies. This study demonstrates a post-hoc segmentation that is effective in creating distinct and robust segments of interest for researchers and practitioners in science communication. We use agglomerative hierarchical clustering to classify survey respondents based on answers to a short, five-item battery of questions drawn from variables that are frequently used in science communication. Resulting segments demonstrate strong differences in regards to demographics, issue-specific science knowledge, attention to media, sentiment toward media, and social networking site use. We assess the utility of the segments through a series of regression analyses in order to determine differences among segments with regards to intent to seek information about three science issues: fracking, nanotechnology, and synthetic biology. The synthetic biology research community will influence the future development of synthetic biology and its emergence into the sociopolitical and regulatory arenas. Because of this influence, we provide a first look at those involved in the research field—their views regarding the field and interactions with the public—using a unique sample of United States—based researchers who have published in the broad field of synthetic biology. Our data indicate a range of views of the moral and regulatory aspects of the science, based in part on various values and professional judgments, with differences emerging across synthetic biologists e. Importantly, the researchers are engaged in public outreach activities, which could provide opportunities for public xenos bremen on the sociopolitical aspects of synthetic biology. xenos bremen The implications of these findings for the future of the technology and upstream engagement emerge. This study explores the relationships between measures of Facebook use and political knowledge xenos bremen using a pair of representative samples of U. Importantly, the xenos bremen use of Facebook for news consumption xenos bremen news sharing was negatively related to political knowledge levels. Possible explanations and implications are discussed. The overlyhonestmethods trend on Twitter is a space used by many scientists to peel back the curtain on their work and share observations and insights into the research world. We additionally manually code a random sample of the census of tweets to evaluate the types of humor employed, as well as the targets of jokes and exclusivity of language. We offer analyses of this self-deprecating, insider conversation and an assessment of the associated ethical implications. Social media and its embedded user commentary are playing increasingly influential roles in the news process. These outlets were selected as being broadly representative of national, local, conservative, and liberal-news media. This paper combines human- and computer-mediated content analysis to advance the understanding of how far-right parties are using new media to mobilize their supporters in the transitioning Ukrainian xenos bremen. Moreover, use of interactive technologies by the studied parties also goes hand in hand with a smaller proportion of opinionated messages in their Twitter network, in spite of the inherent polarizing nature of these parties. Implications of these findings for research on future political campaigns conclude this paper. Social media have given rise to new opportunities for science organizations to communicate with the public. It identified three communicative functions of tweets by organizations—information, participation, and community—with most tweets being informational and containing hyperlinks. Nevertheless, longitudinal analyses indicated that organizations have increasingly incorporated community-building practices such as hashtags. Findings help clarify how social media engender science communication paradigms. Most recently, these calls were formalized in a consensus report on the science, ethics, and governance of human genome editing released by the U. So, where does the public stand on the issue of human genome editing. And how do those attitudes translate into the desire for more public input on human genome editing as new applications emerge in the policy arena. Uncivil comments following online news articles about issues of science and technology have been shown to lead to biased interpretations of the news content itself. Participants exposed to uncivil comments that appear in a moderated environment were less likely to perceive bias xenos bremen the news article itself. Importantly, perceptions of bias among respondents exposed to the uncivil, moderated stimulus were comparable to those of respondents who viewed both moderated and unmoderated civil comments. Our results suggest that visible cues about comment moderation are a potentially valuable endeavor for news organizations, especially in an age of declining profit margins. At the state-level, we find that people residing in states with a higher poverty rate and higher ground water use for public drinking supply are more likely to support fracking. Additionally, the positive relationship between conservatism and support for fracking is stronger for people residing in states with a higher poverty rate. Based on these findings, we discuss the dynamics of public opinion in social contexts and implications on energy policymaking. Scholars of digital democracy share enthusiasm about the potential the Internet provides for democratic communication among citizens. Many applaud the prospect of an expanded, digital, public sphere; others are more cautious about whether the Internet may foster deliberative democracy. We attempt to provide a third alternative view by 1 focusing on xenos bremen political talk in nonpolitical online forums and 2 expanding research beyond a singular deliberative model to attend to multiple frameworks for democratic discussion online. In this paper, we examine online political discussion of six globally prominent political issues in two transnational cricket forums. Our findings suggest that deliberative discussion coexists with liberal individualist and communitarian forms of communication in online sports forums. We discuss the implications of our findings for the future of mediated political discussion research. This xenos bremen examines how familiarity with an issue—nanotechnology—moderates the effect of exposure to science information on how people process mediated messages about a complex issue. We then ask them to read an article about the topic. We find significant interactions between perceived nano-familiarity and the definition received in terms of how respondents perceive favorable information conveyed in the stimulus. People less familiar with nanotechnology were more significantly affected by the type of definition they received. Our data indicate that the public does not generally feel informed about synthetic biology or believe it is personally important. However, Americans xenos bremen more reservations about the moral downside of synthetic biology than about other issues. Multivariate analysis reveals that values and predispositions—particularly religiosity, deference to scientific authority and trust in scientists—are linked to support for synthetic biology. We also see evidence indicating that deference to scientific authority reduces the potential for religiosity and distrust in scientists to polarize public attitudes about synthetic biology. We conclude by describing the implications of our findings for the development of synthetic biology research and upstream public engagement. Of all the online information tools that the public relies on to collect information and share opinions about xenos bremen and environmental issues, Twitter presents a unique venue to assess the spontaneous and genuine opinions of networked publics, including those about a focusing event like the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident following the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Using computational linguistic algorithms, this study analyzes a census of English-language tweets about nuclear power before, during, and after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Results show that although discourse about the event may have faded rapidly from the news cycle on traditional media, it evoked concerns about reactor safety and the environmental implications of nuclear power, particularly among users in U. Also, while the sentiment of the tweets was primarily pessimistic about nuclear power weeks after the accident, overall sentiment became increasingly neutral and uncertain over time. This study reveals there is xenos bremen group of concerned citizens and stakeholders who are using online tools like Twitter to communicate about global and local environmental and health risks related to nuclear power. The implications for risk communication and public engagement strategies are discussed. Abstract Environmental communication; Public perception of science and technology; Representations of science and technology Given the ethical questions that surround emerging science, this study is interested in studying public trust in scientific and religious authorities for information about the risks and benefits of science. Using data from a nationally representative survey of American adults, we employ regression analysis to better understand the relationships between several variables-including values, knowledge, and media attention-and trust in religious organizations and scientific institutions. We found that Evangelical Christians are generally more trusting of religious authority figures to tell the truth about the risks and benefits of science and technology, and only slightly less likely than non-Evangelicals to trust scientific authorities for the same information. We also found that many Evangelicals use mediated information and science knowledge differently than non-Evangelicals, with both increased knowledge and attention to scientific media having positive impacts on trust in scientific authorities among the latter, but not the former group. With electoral politics no longer organised by social class, politicians increasingly seek to relate to a broad spectrum of citizens and part of their relatability is conjured through more casual, informal performances aimed at cultivating authenticity. Findings reveal respondents' desire for more authentic and accessible politicians, but this was in direct tension with traditional views and expectations of politicians needing to be professional, informed and worthy of respect. Informalization amongst politicians is evident and welcomed by young citizens but persistent traditional views means it also threatens their credibility. The controversy was initiated by a scientific article about bacteria able xenos bremen substitute arsenic for phosphorus in its genetic material. We present the debate chronologically, using prominent online media to reconstruct the events. Using tweets that discussed the controversy, we conducted quantitative sentiment analysis to examine skeptical and non-skeptical tones on Twitter. Xenos bremen of and studies refuting the arsenic life hypothesis were publicized on blogs before formal publication in traditional academic spaces and were shared on Twitter, influencing issue salience among a range of audiences. This case exemplifies the role of new media in informal post-publication peer review, which can complement traditional peer review processes. The implications drawn from this case study for future conduct and transparency of both formal and informal peer review are discussed. Recent technological developments have created novel opportunities for analyzing and identifying patterns in large volumes of digital content. However, many content analysis tools require researchers to choose between the validity of human-based coding and the ability to analyze large volumes of content through computer-based techniques. This study argues for the use of supervised content analysis tools that capitalize on the strengths of human- and computer-based coding for assessing opinion expression. We begin by outlining the key methodological issues surrounding content analysis as performed by human coders and existing computational algorithms. After reviewing the most popular analytic approaches, we introduce an alternative, hybrid method that is aimed at improving reliability, validity, and efficiency when analyzing social media content. To demonstrate the usefulness of this method, we track nuclear energy- and nanotechnology-related opinion expression on Twitter surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi accident to examine the extent to which the volume and tone of tweets shift in directions consistent with the expected external influence of the event. Our analysis revealed substantial shifts in both the volume and tone of nuclear power-related tweets that were consistent with our expectations following the disaster event. Conversely, there was decidedly more stability in the volume and tone of tweets for our comparison issue. These analyses provide an empirical demonstration of how the presented hybrid method can analyze defined communication sentiment and topics from large-scale social media data sets. The implications for communication scholars are discussed. Living in an age of big data, this study explores a how much certain online information is shared by media users and b what sentiments do social media users predominantly express on Twitter. Quantitative findings indicate that after the 2011 nuclear disaster at Fukushima Japan, the amount of nuclear energy-related tweets that were linked to outside information far outnumbered tweets containing no external link. Results also indicate that the predominant tone in these tweets was one of pessimism about nuclear energy. The emergence of personalised, interactive forms of social media has led to questions about the use of these platforms for engagement in politics. Existing research focuses on whether political actors successfully engage citizens, xenos bremen how social media platforms mobilise young people into offline participation. In this article, we present original survey data on how many young people use social media to do politics: share information, express themselves, and take action. We contextualise the survey findings with qualitative analysis of how young people describe their willingness to engage in politics on social media. There is a general reluctance to take political action due to the possibility of conflict and disagreement within their networks; however, some acknowledge it is xenos bremen way to bring the disengaged into political debate. Certainly, in a narrow conception of mere topical coverage, they have. Such a limited assessment, however, would overlook two vitally important dimensions of this exciting new outlet. In this brief essay, I will articulate my own particular vision of these two dimensions, with the hope of contributing in some small part to what I expect will become a rich and productive conversation to take place over the course of future volumes. To begin with the basic conceptual issues, it is certainly uncontroversial to note that in many ways, the most pressing research questions of our time engage the interrelationship between communication and publics, as well as the sense in which both are experiencing dynamic transformations. In light of sweeping socio-technical change, we explore the ways that communication affirms or negates, facilitates or hinders, and constitutes or forecloses vital democratic processes that unfold in the public sphere. xenos bremen Sunstein, 2001made possible and more pronounced by abundant media choice. These themes are important, xenos bremen work oriented toward the study of fragmentation Portrayals of female scientists in science fiction tend to be rare and often distorted. Our research investigates the social media discourse related to public perceptions of the portrayals of scientists in science fiction. We explore the following questions: How does audience discourse about a female scientist protagonist in a science fiction film compare with that about a male scientist in a comparable movie. And, what fraction of discourse in each case is dedicated xenos bremen a comments on physical appearance and b incredulity that the character is a scientist. Using automated nonparametric sentiment analysis software that employs an intelligent algorithm informed by human xenos bremen, we analyze Twitter discourse around the release of two summer 2011 science fiction blockbusters with scientists in lead roles: Thor and Rise of the Planet of the Apes. Xenos bremen scholars have pointed to sexualized portrayals of women scientists in popular media, we found relatively few mentions of the attractiveness of an admittedly attractive female scientist. Additionally, audience discourse was not centered on the implausibility of xenos bremen female scientist. This is particularly meaningful when combined with previous research showing that strong women in lead roles do not decrease profitability of science fiction films. Political candidates increasingly have incorporated social media tools like Facebook into their campaigns. Such tools enable supporters to interact directly and easily with campaigns, creating an immediate and relatively informal way for users to respond to candidate messages and publicly display their support. Previous research has explored how campaigns have used social media, or how the use of social media may be related to political engagement. In this study, we provide a systematic analysis of variations in user response to candidate messaging through Facebook. Our results shed new light on the dynamics of online campaigning through social media and engagement with supporters through digital media. The use of social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, by politicians and entertainers to engage young citizens can be seen as a further example of the emergence of celebrity politics. While regarded by some commentators as further evidence of the trivialization of political life, this article adopts the alternative approach of those scholars who foreground the potential for popular culture and media entertainment to be more socially inclusive, democratizing and influential xenos bremen public policy making. To-date analysis of celebrity politics has tended to be focused upon the media performances of politicians and political celebrities, based upon a single country and lacking empirical evidence. Our conclusions are that young citizens are generally cautiously positive about both xenos bremen and celebrities using social media but felt that they should learn to use it appropriately if they are to rebuild trust and credibility. Contemporary research on young people and politics portrays their political engagement as: individualised not collectivist; issue-driven not ideology-driven and postmaterialist instead of materialist. This paper investigates these assumptions and asks whether young people's experience of national economic austerity and increasing material inequality shapes the everyday political issues they identify with, and how they understand inequality and the distribution of resources in their societies. Afterwards, we conducted online discussion groups with 107 young people, in which they were asked to discuss changes in the nature of equality in their societies. The findings show that there is a complex interdependence between individualised, everyday understandings of economic change and an identity-based politics of equal rights. However, there are nuanced differences in understanding inequality, dependent on young people's national location and xenos bremen background. The implications these findings have for young people's future political engagement are discussed. Input from scientific experts and lay audiences plays an important role in the realization of scientific advances and scientific policymaking. This study examines factors influencing expert and public attitudes toward the regulation of academic and commercial nanotechnology. Compared to scientific experts, lay publics are more likely to support the regulation of academic nanotechnology, with value predispositions playing a critical role in impacting such opinions. Among lay audiences, liberals and respondents reporting higher levels of religiosity were more likely to support regulation of both academic and commercial nanotechnology research, while those who paid greater attention to the media were more supportive of regulations for commercial research. Across the two groups, perceptions of risks relative to benefits consistently predicted attitudes toward regulation. Importantly, scientists rely less upon their value predispositions when forming regulatory attitudes, instead basing such attitudes on perceptions of regulatory impacts on scientific progress. The regulatory implications of these findings are discussed. Due to changes in the media landscape, the vast majority of the public now depends on a mix of media formats for science news. We also xenos bremen those who rely on a mix of online-only sources and traditional media xenos bremen science news. We use an experiment with xenos bremen nationally representative sample of the U. We manipulate the extent to which participants receive ideological cues contextualizing a news article, and follow their subsequent information seeking about nanotechnology. Our results provide insights into patterns of media use and how media use differs among people with varying political ideologies. When cues clarifying the political stakes of nanotechnology are made available, individuals are willing to read information from countervailing sources. When such cues are lacking, however, individuals avoid incongruent information and xenos bremen for headlines from attitude-consistent sources. We explore variations in the circumstances under which ideological selectivity occurs and demonstrate that both confirmation bias and defensive avoidance are heightened under such conditions. This chapter begins with the premise that the contemporary rise of political comedy and political satire may be seen as intimately related to broader patterns of socio-technical change, particularly as they relate to mass communication. After articulating this connection, the growth and development of scholarship on political entertainment is reviewed, with an eye toward classic categories of media effects. Specifically, the review covers research on the effects of political entertainment viewing on learning and knowledge, attitudes and opinions, as well as political behavior and political engagement. Situated within the context of eternal questions concerning the normative implications of observed patterns in communication and its effects for democratic processes, the chapter seeks to provide both a guide to parsing extant findings, as well as reflections on future research in xenos bremen area. Focusing on the central theme of political entertainment as an integral part of political communication in a digitally networked world, the chapter concludes by identifying ways in which future research in this area may best contribute to the broader body of research xenos bremen digital politics. The university campus has often been seen as an important site for the politicization of young people. What xenos bremen missing from these accounts, however, and what this article seeks to address, is how these factors actually facilitate the development of political norms and the active engagement of many students. Drawing upon qualitative data from three countries we argue that it is xenos bremen milieu of the smaller student societies that are crucial for facilitating the habitus of the student citizen. They provide the space xenos bremen creative development and performance of the political self, affiliations to particular fields and access to cultural and social capital. Moreover, we contend that these processes of politicization are increasingly enacted xenos bremen social media networks that foreground their importance for developing political habitus in the future. Public communication about science faces novel challenges, including the increasing complexity of research areas and the erosion of traditional journalistic infrastructures. Although scientists have traditionally xenos bremen reluctant to engage in public communication at the expense of focusing on academic productivity, our survey of highly cited U. Despite new governmental initiatives aiming to engage the general xenos bremen in policymaking related to nuclear energy, little is known about how expert stakeholders involved in the decision-making process perceive such activity. Specifically, using data from a survey of 557 experts xenos bremen through content analyses of public meeting records, we find that among those perceiving public opinion as being split, not-for-profit stakeholders e. The perception of a split public for the issue of nuclear energy seems to be driven by frequent use of online media e. Implications of the findings with respect to promoting meaningful stakeholder participation in making policy decisions are discussed. Social media is pervasive in the lives of young people, and this paper critically analyses how politically engaged young people integrate social media use into their existing organisations and political communications. This qualitative research project studied how young people from a broad range of existing political and civic groups use social media for sharing information, mobilisation and, increasingly, as a means to redefine political action and political spaces. The groups were of four types: party political group, issue-based group, identity-based group and social group. Our focus group findings suggest that this in-depth approach to understanding young people's political engagement reveals important group-based differences emerging in young people's citizenship norms: between the xenos bremen allegiance to formal politics and a more personalised, self-actualising preference for online, discursive forms of political engagement and organising. The ways in which political information is broadcast, shared and talked about on social media by engaged young people demonstrate the importance of communicative forms of action for the future of political engagement and connective action. This study assesses two key types of knowledge assessments, factual and perceived knowledge, in the study of knowledge gaps. In addition, we distinguish between communication channels in exploring the phenomenon, examining nanotechnology knowledge gaps based on levels of attention to traditional media, science blog use, and the xenos bremen of interpersonal discussion. Using regression analysis, we find that how researchers measure knowledge can significantly affect the discovery of gaps. We also find differential effects based on communication channels, including evidence that the direction of perceived gaps in knowledge can be reversed as media consumption increases. Implications of these findings are discussed. Public communication about science faces a set of novel challenges, including the increasing complexity of research areas and the erosion of traditional journalistic infrastructures. Although scientists have traditionally been reluctant to engage in public communication at the expense of focusing on academic productivity, our survey of highly cited U. The results may eventually force academics to think more carefully about defining xenos bremen impact in a world of xenos bremen, which combine social media metrics with indicators of scholarly productivity to measure the broader impact of academic work. The future engagement of young citizens from a wide range of socio-economic, ethnic and cultural backgrounds in democratic politics remains a crucial concern for academics, policy-makers, civics teachers and youth workers around the world. At a time when the negative relationship between socio-economic inequality and levels of political participation is compounded by high youth unemployment or precarious employment in xenos bremen countries, it is not surprising that new social media communications xenos bremen be seen as a means to re-engage young citizens. This edited collection explores the influence of social media, such as YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter, upon the participatory culture of young citizens. This study compares public attitudes toward nanotechnology in the United States and Singapore, using large-scale survey data in both countries. Results indicate that Singaporeans tend to be more knowledgeable about and familiar with nanotechnology than the U. Singaporeans tend to perceive greater benefits and fewer potential risks of nanotechnology, and to indicate greater support for government funding for nanotechnology than the U. Between the two countries, perceived familiarity with nanotechnology and the benefits and risks of the emerging technology tend to be interpreted differently through the lens of value predispositions religiosity and deference to scientific authority and therefore they indirectly affect public support. Deference to scientific authority also moderates xenos bremen impact of perceived familiarity with nanotechnology on funding support for the technology among the U. Results indicate that benefit perceptions positively affect public support for nanotechnology; perceptions of risk tend to be more influenced by systematic processing than by heuristic cues, whereas both heuristic and systematic processing influence benefit perceptions. People who are more liberal-minded tend to be more affected by systematic processing when thinking about the benefits of nanotechnology than those who are more conservative. Compared to less deferent individuals, those who are more deferent to scientific authority tend to be less influenced by systematic processing when making judgments about the benefits and risks of nanotechnology. Recent developments in big data collection have created novel opportunities for analyzing large volumes of social media content. However, many content analysis tools require researchers to choose between the validity of human-based coding and the ability to analyze large volumes of content through computer-based techniques. This study demonstrates a new method that capitalizes on the strengths of human- and computer-based coding for assessing opinion expression. Implications of our analysis for content analysis methodology in the era of big data are discussed. In order to explore the landscape of blog traffic about nanotechnology, we use a computational linguistic software to analyze a census of all English-language nanotechnology- related blog posts generated between January 1, 2009 and October 31, 2012. Results of content analysis and sentiment analysis on a total number of 680,790 related posts show that nanotechnology is depicted in a comprehensive and comparatively positive picture in the blogosphere. Thirty-six percent of blog posts expressed optimistic opinions, 32% expressed neutral opinions and xenos bremen expressed pessimistic opinions. Our results have significant implications for the understanding of the open discourse of nanotechnology in the blogosphere, and more importantly, how new media on the Internet reflects and shapes public opinion of this emerging technology. Audiences are most likely to form their opinions about issues based on the aspects that are primed and easily available in their minds Hastie and Park, Psychol Rev 93:258—268, 1986; Tversky and Kahneman, Cogn Psychol 5:207—232, 1973. In this study, we examine how priming people with various definitions of nanotechnology differently shapes public perceptions of and engagement with the technology. Using a randomized experimental design embedded in a representative survey of the U. In contrast, definitions highlighting the potential risks and benefits of nanotechnology can increase likelihood of future information seeking. Uncivil discourse is a growing concern in American rhetoric, and this trend has expanded beyond traditional media to online sources, such as audience comments. Using an experiment given to a sample representative of the U. We found that exposure to uncivil blog comments can polarize risk perceptions of nanotechnology along the lines of religiosity and issue support. The growing popularity of social media as a channel for distributing and debating scientific information raises questions about the types of discourse that surround emerging technologies, such xenos bremen nanotechnology, in online environments, as well as the different forms of information that audiences encounter when they use these xenos bremen tools of information sharing. This study maps the landscape surrounding social media traffic xenos bremen nanotechnology. xenos bremen Specifically, we use computational linguistic software to analyze a census of all English-language nanotechnology-related tweets expressing opinions posted on Twitter between September 1, 2010 and August 31, 2011. Results show that 55 % of tweets expressed certainty and 45 % expressed uncertainty. Twenty-seven percent of tweets expressed optimistic outlooks, 32 % expressed neutral outlooks and 41 % expressed pessimistic outlooks. Tweets were mapped by U. The trend toward certainty in opinion coupled with the distinct geographic origins of much of the social media traffic on Twitter for nanotechnology-related opinion has significant implications for understanding how key online influencers are debating and positioning the issue of nanotechnology for lay and policy audiences. Many Americans hold distorted views of elected officials and, as our study shows, the blame is due partly to our ideological biases and partly to mass media. Perhaps one of the most enduring assumptions of political communication research concerns the perennial finding that despite tides of media distrust and revolutionary advances in communications technology, local television newscasts remain the most dominant source of public affairs information for most Americans. Although the basic truth of this nearly sacred assumption remains for now, we argue that it is under greater strain than ever before, and that this and other assumptions about how individuals acquire political information from the media must be continually investigated. In this paper, we use data from a nationally representative online survey to provide just such a reexamination of relationships between news media use and political knowledge. Findings suggest significant changes in the contemporary media environment. Notably, by some measures, directed internet searches have come to rival television news as a source for information, and newspapers no longer appear to have the strongest educative influences. Data are drawn from a large-scale online survey conducted in December 2011 and January 2012 by Knowledge Networks. Data were collected from 2,806 Americans aged 18 years and older. In addition to providing an updated assessment of media use and political knowledge patterns, we consider the implications of our findings for contemporary theoretical discussions within the field of political communication. For decades, political communication scholars have sought to better understand the various impacts of mediated communication on political behaviors that constitute the essence of democratic citizenship. Focusing on the key concepts of voter turnout, political participation, civic engagement, and political conversation, this chapter explores how various forms of media content shape individuals' political behaviors. It examines the extent to which these behaviors are a function not only of traditional news media, but also of political entertainment content, which in recent years has provided citizens with increasingly diverse perspectives about the political world. Discussion of these effects — and how they can change over time — is couched within larger issues related to the evolving media and political landscapes. We found that while American print news media and Google News coverage of this emerging technology has peaked and started to decline, Google Blog Search coverage of nanotechnology is still growing. Additionally, our data show discrepancies in thematic content of online and print news coverage. Specifically, online users are more likely to encounter environmentally themed content relating to nanotechnology than are users of American print newspapers. Differences in the amount of coverage of nanotechnology in print news and online media as well as thematic content xenos bremen that public discourse on related issues will be shaped, in part, by media consumers' preferred information platform. The controversy was initiated by a provocative article in the prominent journal Science, which described a bacterium isolated from Mono Lake that the authors claimed were able to substitute arsenic for phosphorus in its genetic material; phosphorus is thought to be necessary for living organisms, while arsenic is toxic Wolfe-Simon et al. We collected all blog posts and tweets produced between December 2010 to April 2012 and show that contrary to the traditionally lengthy peer review process, the activity that occurred on Twitter and blogs after publication of the original scientific paper kept the issue salient. She later replicated the experiments of the original study and posted updates on her blog. This transparency afforded her many advantages, including other scientists recognizing the legitimacy of her findings before publication through official channels. In sum, our results suggest that the ease of information sharing via social media kept the scientific controversy prominent and individuals in the open online environment took on the role of an unusual rigorous post publication peer review. The implications of this curious case for the future of scholarly peer review, scientific credibility, and constructions of scientific controversies in the public sphere are discussed. Four main findings broaden our understanding of cross-cutting discourse in the opinion development. Xenos bremen, our results reveal that individual communicative predispositions significantly interact with perceived disagreement in the processes through which individuals develop opinions about benefits related to nanotechnology. Specifically, the effects of perceived disagreement on opinion about nanotechnology-related benefits is stronger among participants who feel more comfortable with interpersonal conflict, as compared to those who feel less comfortable with that. Third, we find xenos bremen the influence of perceived disagreement on opinion about nanotechnology-related benefits is stronger among participants who habitually post blog comments than those who rarely post blog comments. However, no significant interaction effect is found between the disagreement in online network and the frequency of interpersonal science discussion. Our study suggests the effects of public discussion on public opinion formation that involve the interplay of discussion attributes e. This project involves a network-analysis of nonpartisan youth electoral engagement websites, plus some analysis of sites created by campaigns and parties. With regard to the nonpartisan sites, three trends stood out as the most promising. First, the size of the youth engagement web sphere has grown dramatically. In 2002, Bennett and Xenos were only able to identify 22 sites; repeating the same techniques in the 2004 cycle yielded a list of 35, as many new organizations and websites offered political commentary and information in a youth-targeted format. Second, in 2004 youth political websites showed marked increases in the amount xenos bremen political information and issue discussion, as well as the use of interactive features unique to web communication. A few used features similar to those found on more popular dating and social networking websites to help connect younger citizens with those sharing common interests and preferences. Third, and most notable, this analysis of linking practices among youth political websites revealed a much more densely networked environment than Bennett and Xenos found in their prior investigations. The narratives that flow through networks can shed light on their organization. This analysis looks at the elaboration of fair trade networks in the United States and the United Kingdom, with a focus on the narrative control exercised by key gatekeeping organizations. Structural properties of the 2 networks reflect differences in centralization as measured through distance, closeness, and betweenness in relations among organizations. The analysis suggests that once a dominant story or entrenched opposing stories become established in a network, structural dynamics involving narrative choices, conflicts, and strategies can lead comparable networks to diverge even as they espouse the same cause. These differences affect the capacities of networks to mobilize for various kinds of activities. As young Americans increasingly turn to political comedy programs like The Daily Show, scholars should seek to understand viewers' perceptions of these shows. The third-person effect in communication. Public Opinion Quarterly, 47 1 : 1—15. Our findings reveal a significant third-person effect pattern for comedy programming, distinct from that observed for traditional hard news, among a key segment of the political comedy audience. A subsequent evaluation of hostile media effects connected with The Daily Show broadens our investigation of the perceived impacts related to viewing political comedy. We conclude by discussing the ways that this pattern of findings helps illuminate the direct effects of political comedy. In this essay, we draw on broader psychological xenos bremen of the attitude-behavior relationship to postulate specific reciprocal patterns of causality between the civic attitudes and forms of political and civic engagement featured in contemporary political communication research. We then examine the extent xenos bremen these reciprocal relationships with a 2-wave panel survey of 2,872 Pacific Northwest residents. The conclusion suggests how to conceptualize these variables and model their relationships in future research. This study focuses on the extent to which U. Adapting traditional campaigning proved to be far more common than developing innovative strategies. The findings suggest that additional aspects of campaigns' structure and organizational processes need xenos bremen be studied in order to understand campaigns' Web technology adoption strategies.

Browning Neuheiten und Katalog 2018 - Vorstellung mit Dietmar Isaiasch
Such tools enable supporters to interact directly and easily with campaigns, creating an immediate and relatively informal way for users to respond to candidate messages and publicly display their support. Existing research focuses on whether political actors successfully engage citizens, and how social media platforms mobilise young people into offline participation. Satiren — Faststücke — Prosa. An apartment in the Hoppecketal in Willingen offers you 50sqm for 4 persons an ideal stay during your holiday. We present the debate chronologically, using prominent online media to reconstruct the events. Our focus group findings suggest that this in-depth approach to understanding young people's political engagement reveals important group-based differences emerging in young people's citizenship norms: between the dutiful allegiance to formal politics and a more personalised, self-actualising preference for online, discursive forms of political engagement and organising.

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